Harsh Criticism by Hadith Critics Their Teachers and Contexts

Abstract

This study examines the harsh criticism by hadith critics, focusing on their teachers and contexts. The research aims to clarify how hadith critics dealt with the rules of jarh (discrediting) and ta’dil (validation) with deliberation and clarity to preserve hadith texts. It also addresses the differing viewpoints among critics when issuing judgments, whether in discrediting or validating, and the resulting discrepancies in their judgments on narrators. The study is divided into three main sections: the first section explores the nature and reasons for harsh criticism, the second section focuses on the critics' teachers, and the third section discusses the contexts and impacts of harsh criticism on hadith criticism.