Sneezing and its jurisprudence

Comparative study

Abstract

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of sneezing and its rulings in Islamic jurisprudence, presenting a comparative study based on evidence from the Prophetic Sunnah and the opinions of jurists. The study begins by defining key terms such as sneezing (al-'Utas), yawning (al-Thatha'ub), praising Allah (al-Tahmid), responding to a sneeze (al-Tashmeet), and praying for guidance. The research then examines the prophetic evidence that establishes the legitimacy and etiquette of sneezing, explaining the divine wisdom behind it as a means of expelling harmful vapors from the brain, which brings a sense of relief and is thus a blessing that requires praising Allah. The study delves into the jurisprudential rulings, concluding that responding to a sneezer who praises Allah is a collective obligation (fard kifayah). It details the manner and frequency of the response, stating that it should be done up to three times, after which the person is considered to have a cold and should be prayed for with wellness. The research also addresses how to respond to a non-Muslim's sneeze by praying for their guidance. The study concludes by emphasizing that the etiquette of sneezing, such as lowering the voice and covering the mouth, aims to connect the Muslim with their Creator and fellow Muslims, fostering love and community, in addition to its health and preventive purposes.