Queen Arwa University Journal Queen Arwa University Journal: A peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes scientific work by researchers in both Arabic and English across various scientific fields. The first issue was published in 2005. The journal is published biannually by Queen Arwa University, specifically in the months of July and December each academic year. Original title: مجلة جامعة الملكة أروى Title in English: Queen Arwa University Journal Abbreviation (ABBR): QAUSRJ ISSN (Print): 2226-5759 ISSN (Online): 2959-3050 DOI / CrossRef DOI: 10.58963/qausrj Publisher: Queen Arwa University Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Mohammed Ahmed Al-Khayyat Frequency: Biannual Address: Queen Arwa University, Faj Attan, Sixty Street, Sana'a, Yemen Email: editor@qau.edu.ye Phone: +967770445995 Website: https://journal.qau.edu.ye/index.php/srj Country of publication: Yemen Language: Multilingual (Arabic, English) Disciplines/Subjects/Topics: Multidisciplinary Publication fees: 200 USD Peer review: Double-blind peer review License: CC BY Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 Content type: Online, Printed book Access method: Open access Article formats: Print, PDF, HTML Frequency: (2) First issue year: 2005 Free full text: Yes Manuscript types: Articles, Original research, Communications
Body Composition and Junk Food Intake among Queen Arwa University Students
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array Junk food consumption among university students is rising and is often accompanied by unhealthy behaviors such as physical inactivity, inadequate sleep, smoking, and khat chewing, which may influence body composition, including fat mass, muscle mass, and visceral fat, even among individuals with normal BMI. Limited evidence exists regarding these associations among Yemeni students. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine junk food intake patterns and their relationship with body composition among 368 undergraduate students at Queen Arwa University, Sana’a, Yemen. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, junk food consumption, and lifestyle behaviors were collected via a structured questionnaire, while BMI, body fat percentage, muscle mass, and visceral fat were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed using SPSS v25 with significance set at p < 0.05. Frequent consumption of fried foods and sugar-sweetened beverages was observed alongside high rates of physical inactivity, short sleep, smoking, and khat chewing. Although most students had normal BMI and visceral fat, elevated body fat was common, and junk food intake was significantly associated with muscle mass and lifestyle behaviors. These findings highlight the potential health risks of unhealthy diet and lifestyle patterns and underscore the need for targeted interventions among university students.
Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Energy Drink Consumption and Its Impact on Nutritional and Health Status among Female Students at Al-Razi University Sana’a Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Energy drink consumption has risen globally, particularly among adolescents and young adults, with potential adverse effects on cardiovascular, neurological, and gastrointestinal health. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, patterns, and health impacts of energy drink use among 348 female students at Al-Razi University, Sana’a, Yemen. Data on socio-demographics, dietary habits, consumption patterns, and reported symptoms were collected using structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Results showed that 36.8% of students consumed energy drinks, with Lift Up and Code Red being the most popular. Consumption was significantly associated with academic year, smoking, qat chewing, and moderate dietary patterns, but not with BMI, age, marital status, or residence. Common symptoms among consumers included increased heart rate, tremors, frequent urination, and insomnia. Most participants had healthy BMI and good dietary habits. These findings align with international studies highlighting cardiovascular and neurological effects of energy drinks and underscore the need for targeted health education and interventions to promote safer consumption and healthier lifestyles among female university students
Evaluation of Glycemic Index and Glycemic load of some Traditional Yemeni Foods
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The aim of this study was to evaluate the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of five traditional Yemeni foods: Sabaya, Malouj, Lahouh, Al-Zum, and Fahsa. All food samples were obtained from local markets in Sana’a, transported under controlled conditions, and analyzed in the laboratory of Queen Arwa University. Fifteen healthy volunteers aged 18–25 years consumed measured portions of each food and a reference glucose solution after an overnight fast. Blood glucose was measured at before eating (0) minutes and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after consumption, with GI calculated from the incremental area under the glucose response curve and GL derived from standard formulas. Results showed wide variation in GI, from 30.59% for Fahsa to 75.88% for Lahouh. High-GI Lahouh elicited the fastest postprandial glucose rise, likely due to refined flour, high carbohydrate content, and low fiber, whereas Fahsa, rich in protein and fat, had the lowest GI. Malouj and Sabaya displayed low GI, and Al-Zum showed medium GI, reflecting the moderating influence of dietary fiber. GL values were generally low (3.06–7.59), indicating modest glycemic impact from typical portions. LSD analysis (p < 0.05) revealed that most pairwise GI differences were statistically significant, highlighting distinct postprandial responses. These findings suggest that, despite variability in GI, traditional Yemeni foods have low GL and can be included in diets aimed at maintaining stable blood glucose and promoting metabolic health.
The Evolution of Western Governments' Political Positions on the Palestinian Issue Following the Al-Aqsa Flood
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations, Sociology and Political Science Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This study aims to analyze the evolution of Western policies and positions on the Palestinian issue following the 'Al-Aqsa Flood' of October 7, 2023. This event emerged from 75 years of injustice under the Zionist occupation of Palestine, characterized by persistent violations of Palestinian rights, desecration of the Al-Aqsa Mosque, and expansion of Jewish settlements. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study reveals that Western policy has remained largely static and disconnected from ethical standards, human rights, and principles of justice, particularly concerning the genocide perpetrated by the Zionist forces post-Al-Aqsa Flood. However, it notes that some nations, such as Spain and Norway, have adopted more equitable policies. The study also highlights the United Nations Security Council's paralysis, largely due to the U.S. veto, in passing resolutions to halt the war in Gaza despite global appeals. It concludes that a just and lasting peace is contingent upon the establishment of a fully sovereign Palestinian state.
Political Science and International Relations
The Belt and Road Initiative and its Impact on Arab Chinese Relations
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations, International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched by China in 2013, is considered one of the most influential initiatives in international relations. It connects China with countries across the globe through trade routes and pathways aimed at enhancing commercial exchange and political relations. Consequently, the initiative seeks to forge new alliances and establish a novel pattern in international relations, particularly among major global powers. The Arab region holds strategic importance for China due to its vast oil reserves essential for China's industrial sector, in addition to the extensive opportunities the initiative provides for Chinese investment in infrastructure—especially in ports, railways, and highways. This study aims to examine the impact of the BRI on the nature of Arab–Chinese relations by analyzing its political, economic, and cultural effects on bilateral cooperation. The study concludes that the Belt and Road Initiative has positively influenced Arab–Chinese relations economically, particularly by increasing trade volume and boosting Chinese investments. However, its political, cultural, and technological impact has remained limited. The initiative has not been accompanied by significant shifts in China's positions on core Arab issues, nor have the relations evolved to a level of parity or desired integration. Moreover, the study highlights a set of political, economic, cultural, and technological challenges facing Arab–Chinese cooperation within the framework of the initiative.
The Role of Human Resource Management Practices in Implementing Total Quality Management Principles
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to measure the role of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices (Human Resource Planning, Recruitment, Training and Development, Compensation and Incentives) in implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) principles (Continuous Improvement, Top Management Support, Employee Motivation, Customer Focus) within Islamic microfinance institutions in Yemen. The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, using a questionnaire to collect data from a stratified random sample of 215 employees. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The findings revealed a statistically significant, strong positive role of HRM practices in TQM implementation (α ≤ 0.05), explaining 65.5% of the variance. The "Training and Development" dimension was found to be the most influential, followed by "Compensation and Incentives," "Recruitment," and "Human Resource Planning." Based on these results, the study recommends strategic investment in specialized quality training, restructuring incentive systems to link them to quality performance indicators, and fostering a quality culture through top management support and employee engagement."
Investigating the Effectiveness and Benefits and Challenges of ChatGPT as a Learning Tool
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Artificial Intelligence tools like ChatGPT have significantly impacted higher education, serving as an effective tool for enhancing learning experiences. ChatGPT facilitates personalized and collaborative learning, fostering creativity, motivation, and student engagement. It aids in analyzing and summarizing learning materials while providing accurate responses to students' inquiries. However, its use presents challenges such as academic integrity concerns, over-reliance, and masking students’ learning deficiencies. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness, benefits, and challenges of ChatGPT as a learning tool from students' perspectives. A quantitative approach was adopted, utilizing an online questionnaire distributed to 231 undergraduate students from five universities. The survey focused on three key areas: students’ attitudes toward ChatGPT, its effectiveness, and the challenges associated with its use. The findings revealed that students hold positive attitudes toward ChatGPT, considering it a valuable tool that enhances interactive learning and improves learning outcomes. However, challenges such as the potential masking of students' academic weaknesses and threats to educational integrity were identified. This study provides valuable insights into the role of ChatGPT in education and contributes to the development of strategies for its effective utilization.
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A pragmatic Analysis of the Imperative Speech Acts with Reference to Arabic Text of Surah Luqman in the Holy Qur’ān
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Language and Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This study investigates the illocutionary speech acts of imperative utterances in Surah Luqman of the Holy Qur’ān, examining their correspondence with Searle's (1976) classifications. Since Qur’ānic imperatives often convey pragmatic meanings beyond their literal sense, their interpretation and translation can pose problems and cause misunderstanding. This research analyzes 16 imperative verbs from 10 verses in Surah Luqman using qualitative content analysis, consulting classical and modern books of exegesis (Tafsîr) to determine the pragmatic functions of the collected data. The study proves that all examined imperatives in Surah Luqman perform indirect illocutionary acts not explicitly stated in the text. These pragmatic meanings are challenge and incapacitation, disdain and sarcasm, continuation and excitation, advice and guidance, warning, gratitude, and giving instructions. Five of these acts align with two of Searle’s categories: directives and expressives. The findings confirm that the functions of these Qur’ānic imperatives are determined by their situational context, making them pragmatically, rather than semantically or syntactically, driven. Consequently, the study strongly recommends employing Speech Act Theory for analyzing and interpreting Qur’ānic imperatives and other related speech acts
Stunting Status and Associated Risk Factors among Some Primary School Children in Sana'a City, Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics, Public Health Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting among children aged 6 to 9 years attending private and government primary schools in Sana'a, Yemen. A total of 188 students were selected using a statistically representative sampling method. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire capturing demographic characteristics, along with anthropometric measurements focusing on height-for-age as an indicator of stunting. The results revealed that 43.6% of the children were stunted, indicating a high prevalence of chronic undernutrition, while 56.4% had normal height-for-age. Analysis showed no statistically significant associations between stunting and variables such as gender, school level, parental education, parental occupation, maternal smoking, or maternal khat chewing. These findings suggest that stunting remains a serious nutritional concern among school-aged children in Sana’a and may be driven by broader socioeconomic or environmental factors. Targeted interventions and comprehensive nutrition programs are urgently needed to address this issue.
The Role of the Knowledge Economy in Bridging the Digital Divide In Light of international Experiences
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to clarify the role of the knowledge economy in bridging the digital divide in Yemen, identify key international experiences in the transition to a knowledge economy, and examine how Yemen can benefit from these experiences. The inductive approach was used to investigate the topic of this study. Additionally, a descriptive methodology was used to study the relationship between the knowledge economy and bridging the digital divide in Yemen. Second, a qualitative methodology was used to present the most important international experiences in the transition to a knowledge economy, and the extent to which Yemen has benefited from these experiences. The study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that strengthening the system of research, innovation, and technical development of the computer infrastructure increases the added value of knowledge in the national economy, which leads to bridging the digital divide in Yemen. In addition to adopting policies that ensure the development of human resources in the public and private business sectors and the education sector at all levels, this is achieved by disseminating a high level of knowledge and leveraging international experiences in the transition to a knowledge economy.
Study of Antibiotic Use Without a Prescription and Its Misuse by Pharmacists in Sana'a City in 2024
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Pharmacy, Public Health Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array Antibiotic misuse and the growing threat of antibiotic resistance have become critical global health concerns, particularly in low-resource settings. This study examines the non-prescription use of antibiotics in community pharmacies in Sana’a, Yemen, focusing on contributing factors, pharmacist practices, and public awareness. A cross-sectional survey was conducted over 30 days using purposive sampling, involving 299 pharmacies. Data were collected through structured questionnaires assessing antibiotic dispensing patterns, pharmacist knowledge, and behaviors. The results revealed widespread non-prescription antibiotic dispensing, with 73.9% of pharmacists admitting to providing antibiotics without prescriptions based on patient-reported symptoms. Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid (27.4%) and Azithromycin (17.7%) were the most commonly dispensed antibiotics. Major factors contributing to misuse included low economic status (60.9%) and limited public awareness (17.1%). Although 98.3% of pharmacists acknowledged the dangers of random antibiotic dispensing, their practices often prioritized customer demand over professional guidelines. The study also found that 87.6% of pharmacists were male, with 58.9% aged between 15 and 39 years. Pharmacists with higher education levels (73.6%) demonstrated greater awareness of antibiotic resistance. Despite this, irrational dispensing practices remained prevalent. These findings highlight the urgent need for stricter regulatory measures, improved pharmacist training, and targeted public awareness campaigns to promote rational antibiotic use and curb antimicrobial resistance in Sana’a and similar settings.
The Level of Social Interaction among Kindergarten Children in the Schools of Sana'a Capital
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Education & Educational Research, Psychology Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to identify the level of social interaction among kindergarten children in Sana'a, the capital of Yemen, and to determine if there were differences in social interaction levels based on gender, parents' educational level, and the child's birth order. The researcher employed a descriptive methodology with a sample of (164) male and female kindergarten children aged (5-6) years. The Social Interaction Scale for Kindergarten Children was used as the research tool. The findings revealed that the level of social interaction among the sample was high. Furthermore, the results showed no statistically significant differences attributed to gender (male/female), parents' educational level (doctorate & master's / bachelor's & diploma / primary & illiterate), or the child's birth order (eldest/middle/youngest).
Nutrition Status and Associated Risk Factors Among Children in Orphanages in Sanaa, Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The aim of the study was to determine the nutritional status (stunting or underweight status) and associated risk factors among orphaned House children in Sanaa, Yemen. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 children were selected. The data was using a self-administered questionnaire, developed based on a literature review and study objectives. The questionnaire include data on stunting and underweight, demographic, dietary, and hygiene factors. The results revealed that the prevalence of stunting is 37.5% while 47 % were underweight. A significant association was found (p<0.05) associated between Personal hygiene and underweight status, while energy intake did not significantly (p>0.05) affect underweight status. Additionally, factors such as the reason for a child's stay in the orphanage house, father and mother loss, and age were not significantly (p>0.05) related to malnutrition (stunting or underweight status). The orphanage house did not show a significant (p>0.05) association with malnutrition (stunting or underweight status). It recommends that government authorities and non- government organizations should pay attention to orphanages regarding provide food needs and personal hygiene materials.
Decision-Making Styles and their Relationship with Perfectionism and Ambiguity Tolerance among Faculty Members and their Assistants at Sana'a University
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Education & Educational Research, Psychology Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Subjects: Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to identify the predominant decision-making styles among faculty members and their assistants at Sana'a University and to investigate the relationship between these styles, perfectionism, and ambiguity tolerance. Furthermore, it examines variations in decision-making styles, perfectionism, and ambiguity tolerance based on gender and academic rank. Utilizing questionnaires to measure these variables, the study sampled 450 individuals, including 90 females, randomly selected from the faculty and their assistants at Sana'a University. The rational approach is the dominant decision-making approach among faculty members and their assistants at Sana'a University. and the level of ambiguity tolerance is notably high. No statistically significant differences were found in decision-making styles, perfectionism, and ambiguity tolerance based on gender. However, statistically significant differences in the level of perfectionism were observed based on academic rank. Additionally, a positive correlation exists between decision-making styles, perfectionism, and ambiguity tolerance among faculty members and their assistants.
The effect of the creative bird teaching method on the achievement and development of creative characteristics among sixth-grade elementary students
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The current study revealed the effectiveness of the proposed teaching method, "The Creative Bird," on students' achievement and acquisition of giftedness concepts according to the Renzulli Scale. Six teachers were trained in creative teaching methods, and two of them were then selected to teach two classes of sixth-grade students at the school. One of them taught the experimental group after being trained in the "Creative Bird" method. The other teacher taught the control group using traditional methods, without being exposed to the "Creative Bird" method. Three weeks later, both groups underwent an achievement test. The results, after analysis, indicated statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group. The Renzulli Giftedness Scale was administered to both groups to measure four traits: creativity, leadership, motivation, and learning. The results indicated that the experimental group outperformed the control group in all four giftedness traits. The researcher used four tools: a scale to verify judges' agreement with the "Creative Bird" method, a scale to verify judges' agreement with its five rules, an achievement test in mathematical concepts, and the Renzulli Giftedness Scale. The study concluded with a set of recommendations for teachers, those responsible for training and qualifying them, and for researchers.
Critical Success Factors in Scrum Software Development: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) influencing the successful implementation of Scrum in software development projects. Scrum, as a widely adopted agile methodology, enhances flexibility, collaboration, and iterative delivery of software solutions. However, its effectiveness depends on multiple factors across various dimensions, including organizational, people, process, technical, and project factors. This review synthesizes existing research to categorize and analyze these factors, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. Key findings highlight the crucial role of management commitment, team dynamics, customer involvement, agile software techniques, and adaptable project management processes in achieving successful Scrum outcomes. The study also identifies challenges such as scope creep and stakeholder misalignment. The study recommends enhancing management support, fostering cohesive teams, improving customer communication, and effectively utilizing agile software techniques to ensure successful Scrum projects. Furthermore, it calls for further research to explore how these factors interact in different organizational contexts, contributing to a deeper understanding of Scrum adoption and its impact on software development success.
The Impact of Technology Advancement on Unemployment in Yemen Manufacturing Companies
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the relationship between unemployment and technological advancement in Yemeni manufacturing companies, focusing on three independent variables: Productivity Enhancement, Operational Efficiency, and Skill Requirement. The objective is to gain insights into factors influencing unemployment and their significance in explaining its variability. The study employs various statistical analyses such as correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, and t-tests to assess relationships among the variables. The findings reveal a moderate positive correlation between Technological Advancement and Unemployment, suggesting that as technological advancement increases, unemployment tends to rise moderately. However, further research is needed to establish a causal relationship. The multiple regression analysis shows that approximately 23.4% of the variability in unemployment can be explained by the independent variables. Specifically, Productivity Enhancement and Skill Requirement exhibit a significant positive impact on unemployment, while Operational Efficiency does not have a statistically significant effect. The study highlights the importance of understanding the effect of technology on employment and recommends policies that ensure a balance between technological advancements and workforce sustainability to mitigate rising unemployment in the manufacturing sector.
Drivers of E-Wallet Acceptance Among Yemeni Citizen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the factors influencing the behavioral intention to adopt an e-wallet system in Yemen. The analysis focuses on four independent variables: Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Subjective Norms (SN), and Perceived Trust (PT). Multiple regression and t-statistics were used to assess relationships and significance levels. The findings reveal that PU has the strongest positive impact on behavioral intention to adopt, followed by SN and PT. Meanwhile, PEU also shows a moderate positive impact but is weaker compared to the other variables. These results indicate that user perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, subjective norms, and trust play a crucial role in shaping e-wallet adoption intentions. The study highlights the implications for organizations and developers aiming to promote e-wallet adoption. Based on these findings, it recommends emphasizing perceived usefulness, social influence, and trust-building to facilitate wider acceptance of e-wallet technology. Furthermore, the study underscores the need for strategies that address adoption challenges and enhance digital payments in Yemen.
Terminology Used in the Israeli War on the Gaza Strip and Its Implications
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Language and Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study focuses on the linguistic terms used in the Israeli war on the Gaza Strip from October 7, 2023, to the end of 2024. New terms and expressions have emerged, imposing a war lexicon that has impacted the general linguistic vocabulary, leading to military expressions becoming commonplace in various fields. Language has been employed as a weapon in the Israeli war on the Gaza Strip through the role of language in warfare and the impact of war on language, examined in two main areas: the first area addresses the linguistic terms used in warfare and their implications, while the second area discusses the linguistic terms related to the effects of war and their implications. The study's objectives have been achieved by identifying the new war terminologies and their implications that have proliferated during this conflict, which have become additions to the war lexicon, terminological expressions, and general linguistic vocabulary. However, we find the origins of these terms in the depths of Arabic dictionaries, and the evolution of some of their meanings confirms their authenticity in Modern Standard Arabic on one hand, and that the language of war has been an important tributary of Modern Standard Arabic on the other.
Relationship between Breakfast and Academic Grades of Medical Students College in Queen Arwa University, Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Nutrition and Dietetics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to investigate the relationship between breakfast quality and academic performance among medical students at Queen Arwa University, Yemen. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data from 212 students, with 35.6% males and 64.4% females. The survey included questions regarding dietary habits, health aspects, and the impact of breakfast consumption on academic performance. The findings indicated that 40.6% of students had high breakfast quality, 54.7% had moderate quality, and 4.7% had low quality. However, there was no significant effect between breakfast quality and academic performance (P=0.668) or between breakfast consumption and student grades (P=0.945). The study observed that most students consume breakfast at a moderate level, highlighting the need for further research with a larger and more diverse sample to gain deeper insights. The study recommends raising awareness among students about the importance of a healthy breakfast and its role in improving cognitive and academic performance, especially in academic environments.
The role of South Africa in the Israeli war on Gaza Strip
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array South Africa played a positive role on the ongoing war in the Gaza Strip. This role manifested in the form of a lawsuit filed with the international court of justice against Israel, accusing it of committing genocide against the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip. The lawsuit included a request for temporary measures to protect the lives of Palestinian civilians in the Strip. The court issued its decision on January 26, 2024, including a set of temporary measures that met most of South Africa's demands. Although the international court of justice operates within a purely legal framework, issuing judgments and orders whose enforcement authority lies with the security council and the relevant states. The lawsuit itself and the court's decision hand an impact on Israel and a number of countries, reflecting positivity on the conflict from non-military perspectives.
The general procedural system and its impact on the implementation of foreign judgments in Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array <div class="content" tabindex="0" aria-description="" aria-label="Sent by Copilot: The increase in the volume of trade exchanges between countries due to heightened movement of people and goods across national borders has fostered private transactions and relationships. To address the challenges posed by these interactions and ensure effective implementation of foreign judicial rulings, national legislation and laws establish conditions and controls for executing foreign judgments. These conditions strike a balance between enforcing foreign judgments and safeguarding fundamental principles and values within the country. Notably, some national laws and international agreements present obstacles or cases of refusal to implement foreign judgments. In all instances, a foreign judgment—whether judicial or arbitral—cannot be enforced outside the issuing state's territory without the intervention of the judicial authority in the implementing state. This intervention respects the principle of the state's independence and sovereignty. Upon request, the implementing state's courts order the execution of the foreign judgment after verifying compliance with all conditions stipulated by national law."> The increase in the volume of trade exchanges between countries due to heightened movement of people and goods across national borders has fostered private transactions and relationships. To address the challenges posed by these interactions and ensure effective implementation of foreign judicial rulings, national legislation and laws establish conditions and controls for executing foreign judgments. These conditions strike a balance between enforcing foreign judgments and safeguarding fundamental principles and values within the country. Notably, some national laws and international agreements present obstacles or cases of refusal to implement foreign judgments. In all instances, a foreign judgment—whether judicial or arbitral—cannot be enforced outside the issuing state’s territory without the intervention of the judicial authority in the implementing state. This intervention respects the principle of the state’s independence and sovereignty. Upon request, the implementing state’s courts order the execution of the foreign judgment after verifying compliance with all conditions stipulated by national law.
Sharia and legal controls for commercial advertising in Yemeni law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study examines the concept of commercial advertising, its objectives, and key characteristics, along with the Sharia and legal controls governing such advertisements under Yemeni law. Utilizing the descriptive-analytical method, the study explores the legal and Sharia controls related to commercial advertising, and employs the inductive method to review scholars' perspectives on the concept and forms of commercial advertising to establish a comprehensive definition. The study outlines the various types and forms of advertisements in the market and discusses their effectiveness and impact on consumer behavior and preferences, emphasizing their effects on ethical, moral, and religious values within society. The study also presents an overview of the legal framework for commercial advertisements in Yemen and compares it with the regulations of other countries, while discussing the advertising prohibitions outlined in Yemeni law and the legal liability for misleading advertisements that affect consumers. The study concludes with key recommendations for establishing specialized regulatory bodies consisting of experts in Sharia, media, and marketing to monitor and correct commercial advertisements, ensuring their compliance with Sharia, legal, and ethical standards.
The parliamentary system and its relevance to the developing world
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research examines the council system, a neglected governing structure in political discourse. The author argues it represents the truest form of democracy due to its emphasis on unified power. In this system, the people's representatives (council) hold the highest authority, directing and holding accountable all other branches of government. The study highlights several advantages: Clear Rules and Advantages: The council system has defined rules and outweighs its disadvantages. Power is not equally distributed, with the legislative council holding supreme authority over the executive branch, which acts as a committee under the council. True Democracy: Power resides with the people, granting them ultimate control over decision-making and national development. Reduced Power Struggles: The system eliminates power struggles and curbs ambitions for personal gain, preventing dictatorship. Development and Equality: This system fosters development and equal rights, as evidenced by the successful Swiss model. Transparency and Accountability: Any discrepancy between theory and practice becomes public, preventing regime collapse, as seen in France and Turkey's past attempts. The author concludes that the council system offers a path to development and stability, particularly for developing nations.
Study the Antibiotics Use Without a Prescription and Their Misuse in Sana’a City
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Chemistry Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of Sana'a city residents in Yemen about the correct use of antibiotics and their dangers. Additionally, it seeks to assess pharmacists' roles in the random dispensing of antibiotics and their knowledge of bacterial resistance. The study was conducted between June and August 2023 in Sana'a city, using a questionnaire for 261 adults who recently used antibiotics. The questionnaire included questions about participants' social status and both multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Results showed a very high level of antibiotic usage, with 68.6% using antibiotics more than five times in the past year. It was found that college-educated customers had the highest rate of antibiotic use. Most antibiotic users were aged 15-39 years. The main reasons for using antibiotics without a prescription were economic status followed by previous experiences. Public awareness was determined to be average regarding antibiotic use without a prescription. It is necessary to implement educational campaigns to increase awareness about antibiotic misuse and resistance.
Compositional Systems and Their Functions in the Works of the Artist Fouad Al-Fateh
Section: Scientific theses Categories: design Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research analyzes the compositional systems in the works of the artist Fouad Al-Fateh, aiming to understand the foundational elements of his art, characterized by formal and symbolic meanings. The study explores the construction of these systems in forming visual texts and examines their functions through various artistic contexts. The research is divided into four chapters: the first chapter includes the methodological framework, research problem, and its significance. The second chapter provides a theoretical background, discussing the evolution of compositional systems and the cultural and scientific influences that shaped them. The third chapter analyzes specific samples from Al-Fateh's works, showcasing the evolution of his artistic style over the years. The fourth chapter presents the study's findings and emphasizes the importance of documenting and analyzing Yemeni artists' works to study the development of fine arts in Yemen.
Assessing the Reality of Editing Arab Scientific Journals in Light of International Organization for Standardization ISO Quality Control Standards
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Scientific Research, Education & Educational Research Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to assess the reality of editing Arab scientific journals in light of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards, utilizing a descriptive analytical approach. The researcher prepared an analysis form to evaluate a sample of educational scientific periodicals issued by Arab universities. The sample included eight educational periodicals, and the studies published in these periodicals were analyzed using two forms: one for journal editing standards and another for study editing standards. The results showed that the average adherence to journal editing standards was 8.071 out of 10, while adherence to study editing standards was 6.573 out of 10. The study revealed significant variation in the degree of adherence among the journals. The study recommended allocating financial budgets to support scientific periodicals and emphasized the importance of meeting quality standards to ensure the publication of distinguished scientific research. It also suggested establishing a joint unit among Arab universities to monitor compliance with international standards and develop scientific publishing policies.
Copyright (c) 2015 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Constitutional Framework for the Promotion of Women's Participation in Building the State
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This paper examines the extent to which the Yemeni Constitution guarantees women's right to contribute to state-building, and whether there are mechanisms that enable women to fulfill this role. The research raises questions about the impediments to women's empowerment, whether they stem from constitutional shortcomings or cultural and social factors. It reviews three Arab constitutional experiences from Iraq, Egypt, and Morocco, analyzing the constitutional texts of these countries related to rights and duties and the extent of their equal citizenship guarantees. The study aims to develop a constitutional framework that ensures a real role for women in state-building, drawing on modern constitutional experiences to enhance this role. By analyzing Yemeni constitutional texts, the research offers recommendations and proposals to strengthen women's participation in state-building and emphasizes the need to incorporate these recommendations into the new draft constitution resulting from the National Dialogue Conference.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: media Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research focuses on the importance and impact of media in the lives of individuals and societies, and the necessity of reviewing contemporary media to align it with Islam and the identity of the Arab Muslim community. The study is divided into four sections, each addressing various aspects. Key points discussed include that media is a process of transmitting a message from a sender to a receiver using various means and methods to convey reality truthfully and shape public opinion. The research highlights the significance of media in reflecting religious beliefs, intellectual trends, and social and political circumstances. It reviews the elements of the media process, the theories it is based on, and the multiple functions of media such as news transmission, social upbringing, motivation creation, economic roles, education, and entertainment. The study also points out the responsibilities of media and the importance of regulating it to ensure the dissemination of accurate information and the enhancement of social values. It emphasizes the need to establish Islamic media to preserve and strengthen the identity of the Muslim community, asserting the feasibility of creating media that meets contemporary requirements and methods.
The Role of the United Nations and the Security Council in Establishing Global Security and Peace
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law, Political Science and International Relations, International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This research examines the essential role of the United Nations as an international body dedicated to achieving global security and peace. It highlights the necessity of adopting a new approach to expand the membership of the Security Council to enhance its effectiveness in achieving international peace. The idea of expanding the council emerged in 1993, with demands for reforms that would enhance the genuine participation of member states in international decision-making. The research aims to discuss the required reforms to address increasing global challenges and political blocs, as well as the role of developing countries in strengthening the Security Council. It also focuses on the importance of expanding the Security Council to include new countries to achieve new balances in international interests. The research reviews the working mechanisms of the Security Council and the concept of the veto and its impact on the council’s decisions. Finally, the research provides recommendations to enhance the Security Council's role in maintaining international security and peace, including the necessity of involving as many countries as possible in international decision-making and reforming the current structure of the Security Council to become more just and transparent.
The Limits of the Principle of Parliamentary Irresponsibility in the Yemeni Constitutional System
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The principle of parliamentary irresponsibility is a crucial safeguard established by constitutions to protect members of parliament, allowing them the freedom to express their views without fear. This principle is not for personal benefit but to ensure the effective functioning of parliamentary work. The Yemeni constitutional system uniquely defines the scope of this principle, excluding defamation and slander from its protection. This study evaluates this specific determination in light of comparative constitutional systems and clarifies its justifications. The study highlights the importance of balancing the freedom of expression for parliament members with the necessity to respect the law and Islamic Sharia, which is a primary source of legislation in Yemen. It also explores the historical development of the principle in various systems and emphasizes the need to adhere to its boundaries to achieve parliamentary efficiency without excess or negligence.
Humanitarian Intervention and the Problem of the Principle of Non-Intervention in the Internal Affairs of States
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study addresses the contradictions between the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of states and the concept of humanitarian intervention and its impact on this principle. The research reflects the effects of international transformations, particularly after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the dominance of the United States over international affairs, leading to the loss of maneuvering margins for small states. This dominance has influenced many legal concepts and fundamental principles in international law, such as the principle of non-intervention. The study highlights the legitimacy of humanitarian intervention, the views of international jurisprudence, and the stance of states on it, with a focus on the use of military force. Through a descriptive-analytical approach, the research presents the historical developments of the concept of humanitarian intervention, the jurisprudential contradictions around it, and the legitimate cases of intervention according to international law. The study aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the legal and practical aspects of this principle, highlighting the challenges facing states in adapting to international changes and avoiding external interventions.
Assessment of Banking Awareness Level among Clients of Commercial Banks in the Republic of Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to assess the level of banking awareness among customers of commercial banks in the Republic of Yemen, with a focus on a sample of customers in the city of Sana'a. The researcher utilized a questionnaire to collect data from customers of four banks, and the data was analyzed using both statistical and descriptive-analytical methods. The sample consisted of 90 individuals. The study relied on six indicators to measure the level of banking awareness: interest rates, security, trust, employee-customer interaction, customer culture, and the role of customers in spreading banking awareness. The findings revealed that the level of banking awareness among customers is low and has not reached the desired level. The study recommended promoting banking culture within Yemeni society by implementing strategies to educate customers on the importance of banking awareness and its contribution to supporting the national economy.
The Legal System of the International Seabed Authority
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The seas and oceans make up about 71% of the Earth's surface, playing a crucial role in communication between peoples and the development of civilizations, as well as being a major source of food. However, these maritime areas have become competitive zones among major powers since the Middle Ages. This study focuses on the importance of the international seabed area due to its massive deposits of minerals and oil. The research is divided into three main sections that discuss the concept and functions of the International Seabed Authority, the legal status of this authority, and the resolution of seabed-related disputes. Additionally, the study reviews the various bodies and functions of the International Seabed Authority and the challenges it faces in achieving its goals, including marine environmental protection and ensuring fair use of resources.
Semiotic Analysis of the Image of Women in Written Street Language
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to analyze the image of women in written street language through a semiotic reading that seeks to understand the various dimensions and connotations of this image. The study covers three main aspects: the image of women as the core of the topic, the semiotic significance according to Roland Barthes' theory, and the impact of this image on societal awareness. The study relies on field samples from the streets of Sana'a representing different social categories, addressing places that reflect the diversity of these categories, such as affluent, poor, and mixed areas. The aim is to reveal how women are portrayed in written street language and how this language affects gender concepts and their alignment with actual female participation in society. By analyzing signs and written images, the study seeks to provide recommendations for improving the image of women in Yemeni society and enhancing their role in sustainable development.
The Mechanism for Appointing Educational Leaders in Educational Institutions in the Capital Municipality
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Education & Educational Research Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to explore the mechanism for appointing educational leaders in two educational institutions in the Capital Municipality. The study employed a qualitative research method, selecting a group of teachers and decision-makers from the concerned institutions for data collection through in-depth interviews and document analysis. The study concluded that the appointments of educational leaders heavily rely on favoritism, personal considerations, partisan, sectarian, and regional biases due to the influence of decision-makers, widespread corruption, and the absence of accountability and governance. The results indicated that the underlying reasons for these unlawful appointments include bribery, fraud, and lack of transparency. To mitigate these issues, the study recommended the application of the rule of law and the implementation of deterrent measures against violators, in addition to enhancing transparency and accountability in the appointment process. The study also called for the establishment of objective and precise scientific standards for appointing educational leaders to ensure merit and competence in educational leadership.
Copyright (c) 2016 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Doctor's Responsibility in Artificial Insemination
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study addresses the doctor's responsibility in artificial insemination procedures, which are contemporary medical issues that have witnessed significant progress. The research explores the legal and ethical frameworks governing these procedures, highlighting the importance of balancing scientific advancements with maintaining religious boundaries. The study also discusses various aspects of civil liability of doctors and their commitment to applying precise medical standards to avoid medical errors that may lead to legal and ethical issues. Additionally, the research provides an analysis of religious fatwas that define the limits and legality of these procedures and highlights the challenges faced by Yemeni society in the absence of specific legal regulations for these practices. The aim of the research is to provide a comprehensive and balanced perspective that combines a precise understanding of scientific progress with adherence to legal and religious frameworks to ensure societal safety.
Determinants of the Financial Powers of the Yemeni Parliament and the Possibility of Reform
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array This research addresses the determinants of the financial powers of the Yemeni Parliament and the possibility of reform by comparing different political systems and analyzing how financial authorities are organized in existing constitutions and laws. The significance of this study lies in both its scientific and practical aspects, as it explores the scarcity of academic studies that deeply address this topic and provides a comprehensive analysis of related issues from legal and practical perspectives. The study's problem is centered on defining the relationship between the legislative and executive branches in Yemen, how their roles overlap, and the impact on the effectiveness of the Parliament in performing its financial duties. The study aims to clarify the determinants of the financial powers of the Parliament and ways to enhance them through legal and practical mechanisms. The study adopts a descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodology to achieve its objectives and is divided into two main sections: the first addresses the legislative powers of the Parliament in the financial field, and the second focuses on reinforcing these determinants in the oversight system and the possibility of reform.
The State of Public Freedoms and Human Rights in the Republic of Yemen and Local and International Transformations
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the state of public freedoms and human rights in Yemen, focusing on the local and international transformations that have influenced this reality. Following the unification of Yemen on May 22, 1990, the country experienced political, social, and economic changes impacting human rights and freedoms. The study addresses the challenges faced by human rights amid these transformations, such as rapid political shifts and social changes. It also explores the role of official institutions and civil society organizations in raising awareness of rights and freedoms and contributing to their implementation. The study employs historical and descriptive methods to analyze events, official documents, and official discourse. The research aims to highlight the importance of respecting rights and freedoms as a fundamental condition for achieving sustainable development and social progress. The findings indicate the necessity of focusing on the democratic option as a foundation for entrenching human rights and public freedoms, emphasizing the importance of cooperation between official and popular entities to achieve this.
Administrative Organization and Division of Yemen During the First Ottoman Rule
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The administrative organization and division of Yemen during the first Ottoman rule were among the most significant issues faced by the Ottoman Empire in Yemen throughout modern history. This organization was a source of debate and questions about the best methods for organizing and administering Yemen, with various trends and visions emerging during the first Ottoman rule. These trends included the reasons and motivations for adopting a new administrative division, and the benefits of suppressing the arguments that generated conflicts and battles between the Ottoman state and the Zaidi Imams in northern Yemen. Some historians considered the administrative method implemented in Yemen to be the main impetus for the conflict. Hence, the importance of this research lies in shedding light on this issue during the first Ottoman presence and its impact on political, social, and military stability.
Trusted Narrators Corrupted by Their Sons with Fables
Section: Scientific theses Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study addresses an important issue in the science of Hadith, which is the narration of sons from their fathers. The study highlights the significance and high status of this type of narration, considering it a source of pride for Hadith scholars and Muslims in general. However, it also discusses the negative aspect where some sons corrupted their fathers' narrations with falsehoods and fabrications, leading to the tarnishing of the reputations of trustworthy narrators. The study aims to shed light on these trusted narrators whose narrations were distorted by their sons and to emphasize the importance of distinguishing between authentic and fabricated narrations. The study consists of three sections: the first section discusses trusted narrators corrupted by their sons, the second section deals with narrators who corrupted their trustworthy fathers and grandfathers, and the third section reviews the fabricated narrations that sons attributed to their fathers and grandfathers. The study seeks to provide a comprehensive view of the impact of sons on their fathers' and grandfathers' narrations and to offer guidelines on how to handle these narrations to avoid errors.
Social Structure and Political System in North Yemen 1962-1978
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the impact of traditional social structure on the political system in North Yemen from 1962 to 1978. It explains how tribal, clan, and religious factors intertwine in Yemeni society, leading to the dominance of the executive power over legislative and judicial authorities, thereby fostering corruption and weakening civil society. The study discusses the reasons why the Yemeni Republic in the north lasted only sixteen years after the September 26, 1962 revolution and why the ruling family returned after this brief period. It explores how the traditional social structure has affected the modernization and development of the political system and investigates the potential for changing these social dynamics to liberate the political system from its traditional constraints. The study employs a group analysis approach to understand the influence of social forces on political decisions and offers suggestions to overcome the challenges facing Yemen's political system in the future. Additionally, it highlights the role of economic conditions and limited resources in exacerbating the challenges faced by the political system and how these factors interact with traditional social structures.
The Arab Spring Revolutions and Their Impact on the Salafi Movement in Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study examines the impact of the Arab Spring revolutions on the Salafi movement in Yemen, focusing on the ideological and political transformations within this movement post-revolutions. It highlights how Salafi groups in Yemen, such as Al-Hikma Association and Al-Ihsan Association, were significantly influenced by these uprisings, prompting them to adopt new political stances and transition from purely religious advocacy to active political engagement. The study also sheds light on internal divisions and conflicts that arose among traditional and new Salafi leaders due to these changes. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, the research relies on historical sources and contemporary analyses. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of the Salafi movement in Yemen and the impact of the Arab Spring on it, emphasizing the potential for the Salafi movement to accept democratic principles and the concept of a civil state in the future.
Determinants of economic corruption in the public sector of selected Islamic countries
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics, Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array The study aimed to review the most prominent determinants that affect economic corruption in the public sector in addition to address the reality of these determinants in a group of Islamic countries. The study concluded a set of results, the most important of which is that the increase in per capita income and the volume of foreign direct investment , are negatively affect the corruption, while economic freedom , inflation rate and the share of total credits to GDP have appositive impact on corruption. Finally the political freedom has a positive impact but it is insignificant. The study recommended the need for governments to pay attention to increasing the per capita share of national income, and to give a good amount of political and economic freedom by removing restrictions and penalties if it is in the interest of society. In addition to controlling inflation through its financial and monetary institutions, finding modern means that comply with Islamic law, and taking measures that would attract foreign investment, such as reconsidering tax laws. Finally there is a need for families, schools, universities, the media, and the Ministry of Awqaf to play their role in education and guidance.
Challenges and Problems that Face ESP EAP Teachers inside Classrooms
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This paper explores the significant challenges faced by ESP/EAP teachers and proposes solutions as investigated by various ESP practitioners. The study aims to (a) understand teachers' perceptions, involvement, and the problems they encounter, (b) evaluate current teaching methods in the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (FEIT) at Taiz University for teacher development, and (c) suggest solutions based on correlations between teachers' perceptions, involvement, and literature. The research involved non-participant observations and semi-structured interviews to gather data. The findings highlight key issues such as lack of experience, traditional teaching methods, large class sizes, and low student motivation. Solutions include targeted training, improved collaboration with content specialists, and better material selection.
Challenging Factors Facing Monitoring and Evaluation in the World Bank Education Projects Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics, Education & Educational Research Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to investigate the challenging factors facing Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) in World Bank-funded education projects in Yemen. A closed-ended questionnaire consisting of 73 items was designed to collect data, ensuring its validity and reliability through appropriate procedures. A purposive sample of 80 individuals involved in project implementation and M&E processes was selected. The results indicated that respondents tend to agree with about half of the items as representing challenges facing M&E in education projects. The challenges related to "Technical capacity to implement M&E" were identified as the most significant, followed by challenges related to "Stakeholders' participation in project M&E". "M&E contribution to project’s success" ranked third, while "M&E system" and "Project management support and response to M&E results" were ranked fourth and fifth, respectively. Overall, the results suggested that all types of challenges were important except for those associated with "Reporting requirements by donors," which were considered moderately important.
Polygamy in Ancient Systems and Islamic Sharia
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Religious Studies, Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research addresses the topic of polygamy in ancient systems and Islamic Sharia. The study highlights the importance of polygamy in various ancient civilizations and how these systems were legally and socially organized. It also reviews the reasons behind polygamy before Islam and how it was regulated after the advent of Islamic Sharia, focusing on the legal and jurisprudential dimensions governing this system. The research provides a comparison between ancient and Islamic systems in dealing with polygamy, shedding light on the social, psychological, and economic impacts of this system on societies. The research concludes with recommendations and a summary of the main points and future suggestions for studying this topic.
Mohammed Abdulhameed Abdulmajeed Al-Alawi
Harsh Criticism by Hadith Critics Their Teachers and Contexts
Section: Scientific theses Categories: History, Religious Studies Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the harsh criticism by hadith critics, focusing on their teachers and contexts. The research aims to clarify how hadith critics dealt with the rules of jarh (discrediting) and ta’dil (validation) with deliberation and clarity to preserve hadith texts. It also addresses the differing viewpoints among critics when issuing judgments, whether in discrediting or validating, and the resulting discrepancies in their judgments on narrators. The study is divided into three main sections: the first section explores the nature and reasons for harsh criticism, the second section focuses on the critics' teachers, and the third section discusses the contexts and impacts of harsh criticism on hadith criticism.
A Comparative Study of Certain Mineral Salts in Long-Distance Runners and Long-Distance Swimmers and Their Relationship to Maximum Oxygen Consumption
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Sport Sciences, Education & Educational Research Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This research aims to study the changes in the levels of certain mineral salts (calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium) in the blood of long-distance runners and long-distance swimmers before and after physical exercises, as well as the relationship between these salts and the maximum oxygen consumption. A sample of 14 athletes (7 runners and 7 swimmers) was selected, and the levels of these salts in the blood were measured before and after the exercises using an ergometer. The results showed a decrease in magnesium levels and an increase in calcium and phosphorus levels after physical exercises. Additionally, a correlation was found between magnesium levels and maximum oxygen consumption. The study recommends the importance of magnesium intake to compensate for the loss during prolonged exercises.
Rights and Freedoms in Yemen Theory and Practice
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law, International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research addresses the issue of human rights in Yemen by examining the extent to which official decisions and acknowledgments align with the practical implementation of these rights. The study focuses on the legal, constitutional, and political framework of human rights in Yemen, including the international agreements ratified by the Republic of Yemen. It also explores the relationship between democracy and rights and freedoms, emphasizing the challenges faced in practically applying these rights. The research reviews the role of governmental and non-governmental institutions in this context. It aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current challenges and future hopes for enhancing human rights in Yemen, focusing on the relationship between theory and practice and proposing practical solutions to improve the existing situation.
The Importance of Regional Organizations in the Settlement of International Disputes
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law, International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study discusses the importance of regional organizations in settling international disputes by reviewing the concept and historical and legal development of international conflicts. The study highlights that regional organizations play a vital role in resolving conflicts peacefully through negotiation, mediation, and arbitration, which helps prevent disputes from escalating into destructive wars. It also emphasizes the role of the United Nations and the Security Council in dispute resolution and providing appropriate recommendations. The study asserts that cooperation between international and regional organizations is crucial for achieving global peace and security. It also discusses practical examples of the role of regional organizations in conflict resolution, showcasing their effectiveness in promoting international stability. The analysis includes an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of regional and international organizations in this field, offering recommendations to improve cooperation and coordination among these organizations for better outcomes in the future.
The Extent of Applying Total Quality Management Principles in Commercial Banks Operating in Yemen from the Perspective of Bank Employees
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to determine the extent to which Total Quality Management (TQM) principles are applied in commercial banks operating in Yemen from the perspective of their employees. The study found that banks apply TQM principles well, though the level of application varies among banks. Recommendations were made to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of these principles to ensure improved services and the sustainability of banks in an increasingly competitive environment. The study used a descriptive analytical approach and a questionnaire consisting of 45 items, with 450 questionnaires distributed and 387 retrieved. The study concluded that there is good application of principles such as top management support, strategic planning, strategic leadership, continuous process improvement, human resources, decision-making based on facts, supplier focus, and customer focus, with some weaknesses in certain application aspects.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The Republic of Yemen is one of the Arab countries. It is located in the Middle East. It is a monolingual country where Arabic is the mother tongue of the Yemeni population. As in many Middle-Eastern countries, English is used as a foreign language in Yemen. It is taught as a subject in the school curriculum, but it is neither used as a medium of instruction in education, except in limited cases as in private schools and some tertiary institutions, nor a language of day-to-day communication within the country. It is taught as a compulsory or mandatory subject in government schools and universities, and it is the medium of instruction (i.e. the language of the prescribed textbooks and the medium of oral instruction) in some private schools and university departments. For this reason, this paper aims to scrutinize the former and current situation of teaching and learning English in Yemen.
Copyright (c) 2017 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Definition of Money Laundering Offense and the Effective Ways to Combat It in International Law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Money laundering is considered one of the most dangerous crimes threatening global economy and social stability. This study examines international community efforts in combating this crime, which has evolved over time to become more complex using modern technologies and innovative methods. The study highlights the impacts of money laundering on global and local economies, such as deteriorating investments and creating unfair competition between legitimate and illegitimate investors. It discusses international agreements like the Palermo Convention and the Vienna Convention, and their roles in establishing legal policies to combat money laundering. The study also reviews the efforts of international organizations such as Interpol and the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), as well as regional efforts in the Arab world through the Arab League and the Middle East and North Africa Financial Action Task Force (MENAFATF). It offers recommendations to strengthen legal and regulatory frameworks to combat money laundering and enhance international cooperation in this field.
Legal Jurisdiction in Electoral Appeals for Yemen House of Representatives Nominations
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aims to determine the competent judicial authority for deciding electoral appeals related to nomination disputes for legislative elections in Yemen. The focus is on validating the data and conditions required for a candidate, whether the jurisdiction lies with ordinary, administrative, or constitutional courts, and sometimes the legislative council. The study examines the scope and limits of judicial oversight on nomination disputes, whether this oversight is limited to administrative decisions issued by committees or competent authorities receiving and deciding on nominations or includes decisions to accept nominations. It also clarifies the boundaries of judicial oversight over administrative decisions, through the permissibility or prohibition of judicial appeals before the Supreme Judicial Authority. This study is the first of its kind to highlight the Yemeni judiciary's control over electoral appeals related to nomination disputes for membership in the Yemeni House of Representatives.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research addresses the legal principles in the revealed laws of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, as well as the customs of pre-Islamic Arabs. It explores the origins of Jewish and Christian laws, their similarities and differences in marriage and divorce systems, and unique characteristics of each law. It also discusses the Islamic legal principles and how they interacted with pre-Islamic tribal customs in the Arabian Peninsula, including acceptance or rejection of certain customs. This is illustrated by examining various legal models. The aim of this research is to show how religious laws and tribal customs contributed to the formation of legal principles and how these principles were influenced by economic, social, and political changes throughout history. It highlights historical laws such as those of Mesopotamia and their influence on other civilizations like the Pharaonic and Roman, and how they contributed to the development of legal systems. The research seeks to demonstrate the importance of revealed laws and ancient customs in organizing public life and their historical development and role as a source of laws across different eras.
Models of Agreement between Zaidia and Mu'tazila in Interpreting Creed Verses
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Religious Studies Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study examines the agreement between the Zaidis and the Mu'tazilites in interpreting verses related to doctrine, with a comparison to Sunni interpretations. The research highlights the significant role of Zaidi scholars in codifying Islamic sciences, particularly theology, but notes that their contributions to interpretation were limited both quantitatively and qualitatively. Zaidi interpretations are influenced by Mu'tazilite beliefs, a sect heavily influenced by Greek philosophy in its interpretation of God’s names and attributes. The study presents examples demonstrating the agreement between Zaidis and Mu'tazilites in interpretation, especially regarding faith and God’s attributes. The researcher recounts the opinions of Zaidi scholars, compares them to Mu'tazilite and Sunni interpretations, and concludes with key findings and recommendations, citing the sources and references used.
Al-Zubair Saleh Mohammed Ahmed Al-Wasabi
Quranic Texts between Sender’s Intention and Recipient’s Acceptability
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Literature and Literary Theory, Religious Studies, Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study explores Quranic texts in terms of the sender's intentionality and the recipient's acceptability. The researcher poses questions about the applicability of intertextuality and textual interaction terms in Quranic studies, the specificity of the intentionality criterion, and the acceptability rate among recipients. Using the textual approach, the researcher aims to uncover the truth. The study finds that using intertextuality or textual interaction in Quranic studies aligns with traditional exegesis methods. It highlights the difficulty of achieving textual criteria according to communicative demands and shows the uniqueness of the intentionality criterion in Quranic texts due to their varied contexts and sacred source. The study also indicates a high acceptability rate among recipients and reveals that ancient scholars were aware of textual issues. The research focuses on analyzing the textual structure of Quranic texts and linking them to religious, social, and psychological objectives.
Obstacles of Practicum among Fourth-Level Students at the Faculty of Physical Education in Sana'a
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Sport Sciences Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array The study aimed to explore the obstacles faced by fourth-year students of the Faculty of Physical Education in Sana'a Governorate during their practical training. The practical training course is a crucial component in preparing physical education teachers, allowing students to apply their theoretical and practical knowledge in a real school environment. The researcher surveyed the opinions of 64 students from the third and fourth levels who participated in practical training from April 1 to May 1, 2012. The findings highlighted the importance of expanding the theoretical content of teaching methods courses to cover all essential elements over two consecutive semesters. Additionally, practical training should be conducted in more than one model school under the supervision of specialized faculty members. The study also recommended increasing the support from the college administration for practical training, forming a committee to study and improve the practical training conditions, and raising cultural and sports awareness among school administrations and students.
Debt Writing between Obligation and Willingness
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Religious Studies, Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research discusses the ruling of debt documentation in Islamic law and whether writing it down is obligatory or recommended. The dispute among scholars is divided into two main opinions: one considers it obligatory, while the other views it as desirable. Each opinion is supported by strong evidence and references. The research concludes by favoring the view that writing debts is recommended but acknowledges the argument for its obligation, especially in contemporary societies where disputes arise due to lack of documentation. The research emphasizes that documenting debts helps protect assets and prevents disputes, ensuring the rights of contracting parties and preventing fraud and betrayal. The study is divided into three main sections: terms related to the research, evidence of the legitimacy of debt documentation, and the ruling on documenting debts. The research concludes by stressing the importance of debt documentation to preserve rights and avoid conflicts, and advocates for using writing as a means to secure rights in transactions.
Caretaker Government in the Yemeni and Comparative Law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research addresses the topic of "Caretaker Government" in Yemeni law and comparative laws. This subject raises extensive debate in political and legal circles due to the lack of a precise definition for such governments in various constitutions, leading to diverse legal and jurisprudential interpretations regarding their concept, tasks, and duration. The caretaker government handles ordinary public affairs after the resignation or dismissal of the existing government, continuing to function until a new government is formed to avoid a constitutional vacuum that might hinder the regular operation of public services. The study provides a conceptual approach to the caretaker government, highlighting the differing legal and jurisprudential interpretations in Yemeni, Lebanese, and Iraqi constitutions. It also discusses the tasks of the caretaker government under ordinary and extraordinary circumstances and the parliamentary and judicial oversight of its actions. The research concludes with recommendations for establishing clear legal provisions defining the concept, tasks, and duration of the caretaker government in the Yemeni constitution and suggests benefiting from international experiences, especially the Lebanese experience.
The semiotics of cultural space in the book Kalila and Dimna
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research explores the significance of the book Kalila and Dimna by Ibn al-Muqaffa as a literary milestone reflecting evolving political agendas. Through critical semiotic analysis, it delves into the cultural and political underpinnings embedded in the text. It identifies the intricate interplay between cultural symbols and political discourse, highlighting the text's role in shaping ideological narratives. The study concludes that Kalila and Dimna transcends mere artistic expression; it serves as a cultural artifact intertwining aesthetic, social, and political dimensions. Rooted in a rich cultural heritage, the text navigates complex socio-political realities, offering a nuanced reflection of power dynamics and societal norms. Its enduring legacy underscores its status as a foundational text in Arab literary tradition, influencing subsequent works and contributing to the broader discourse on politics and education. Through its narrative prowess, Kalila and Dimna continues to resonate across generations, embodying the complexities of intellectual and cultural exchange on a global scale.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Agreement in grammar refers to formal relationship between elements, whereby a form of one word conforms to the form of another. The preservation of agreement between a controlling phrase and a controlled phrase under various conditions provides a clear indication that agreement relations are sensitive to linear or directional properties, otherwise, we would expect agreement to be affected by word order changes. In this paper I shall work on subject-verb agreement in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) whose rich inflectional agreement system is fascinating. I intend to examine its rich agreement patterns in the minimalist framework and find out the structural mechanism of the assignment system followed by a detailed study of the three phi- features in Arabic, i.e. person, number, and gender. This paper will address the following issues of subject-verb agreement in Arabic: a) why the verb in VSO order does not show the person and number agreement and only shows gender agreement with the post-verbal subject and b) the ambiguity of the first person in Arabic that is unspecified.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research discusses the importance of implementing laws given time and place, as it shows that legal texts are not absolute and subject to amendment and change according to subsequent legislative will. The research indicates that the application of the law depends on time and place, with emphasis on the duty to apply the law from the day following its publication, and on the importance of the addressees’ knowledge of the provisions and the availability of knowledge of them to achieve justice. The research also reviews the impact of changing political, economic and social conditions on laws, which requires amending them to suit modern developments. The research also addresses the conflict between old and new laws and their impact on the application of the law in terms of time, in addition to the effect of the geographical scope on the application of the law in terms of place. The research highlights the importance of understanding these dynamics to improve laws and enforce them effectively.
Contemporary international diplomacy and its effects on Yemeni diplomacy
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research reviews the development of diplomatic relations within the context of the history of international relations. The research confirms that diplomacy reflects the history of interactions between countries as independent entities and is concerned with the impact of internal politics on external relations. The research focuses on the importance of understanding economic, political, and geographic factors in shaping foreign policy. The research indicates that diplomacy depends on the approach of peace and war to achieve the set goals, with an analysis of the various concepts of diplomacy and their development. The research believes that diplomacy includes many meanings, including foreign policy and the methods used to achieve it. The study also shows the importance of agreements and treaties in regulating relations between countries. The research concludes with the importance of understanding diplomacy as a comprehensive concept that extends from peaceful interactions to military confrontations and its importance in achieving national and international goals.
Project to divide Yemen into six federal regions
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The issue of administrative division of Yemen is considered a sensitive and controversial issue, and its intensity increased with the National Dialogue Conference adopting the federal division project. This research aims to review the necessary requirements for a sound administrative division that achieves developmental, political and social goals. The research addresses the negatives that resulted from failure to observe legal and constitutional standards, which leads to exploitation of the issue by parties to the internal conflict and regional and international interventions. The solution is to present proposals to address these negatives, such as rotating senior political positions between regions to ensure that no region monopolizes power, which contributes to achieving political, social, administrative and security stability. The research concludes by presenting findings and recommendations that reinforce the need for comprehensive and careful thinking about the administrative division process to ensure stability and development in Yemen.
The political opposition and the Imam regime in North Yemen 1918-1948
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The scientific research provides a comprehensive overview of the social structure in Yemen and the impact of geographical factors on it, as the text reflects the distribution of power and wealth among the different classes. The rule of the imams depends on exploiting the social reality given the weakness of the strong tribes and supporting the weak ones, which maintains the balance within the tribes and stimulates the continuity of the prevailing system. The Imami policy appears to be acceptable to the tribes despite the escalation of tribal conflicts, given the religious character of the Hashemite House and its role in balancing the tribes. The research confirms that the continuity of the ruling regime depends on its ability to respond to the demands of political leaders and tribal sheikhs, which increases taxes on farmers and enhances the state of discontent and disobedience, which often leads to unrest and wars. The research shows that the rule of the House of Hamid al-Din did not differ from the previous regime in directing policy towards maintaining social balance, and links this to the effects of modernization and regional and international interventions, which makes the Yemeni situation dependent on a fragile balance between the interests of internal and external powers.
Forms of governments and the position of Islamic law on them
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Scientific research deals with the position of Islamic law towards different forms of government, as it sheds light on the advantages of Islamic law and its superiority over man-made systems in controlling the behavior of individuals and preserving values ​​and principles. The research highlights the importance of understanding the true Islamic system, especially in light of the skepticism it faces from the Western world. The research indicates the need for Muslims to return to their Islamic and cultural heritage, while emphasizing the compatibility of Islamic political principles with current circumstances and Islamic traditions. The study adopts historical, analytical and comparative approaches to understanding different forms of governments and comparing the Islamic system of government with man-made systems, which contributes to highlighting the differences between them and understanding the positions of Islamic law towards them.
Factors affecting customers’ adoption of mobile banking services in Yemeni banks
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research aims to understand the factors that influence customers’ adoption of mobile banking services in Yemeni banks, using the Cooperative and Agricultural Credit Bank (CAC Bank) as a case study. The study used a descriptive analytical approach and a questionnaire to evaluate factors such as banking awareness, suitability, degree of complexity and reliability. The results showed that all factors significantly influence customer adoption of mobile banking, with the greatest emphasis on banking awareness. The results also revealed deficiencies in marketing performance and weakness in incentive measures for customers who do not use mobile banking services. Based on these results, the study recommends the need to develop marketing strategies, enhance banking awareness, expand mobile banking applications, develop specialized functional cadres, and encourage the Central Bank to support Yemeni banks in this aspect.
Definition of the crime of money laundering and effective ways to combat it in international law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This article examines the crime of money laundering and effective ways to combat it in international law. The article begins by defining the crime of money laundering and its development over time. It then moves on to discuss international efforts made to combat this crime, including: International agreements: such as the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Vienna Convention in 1988) and the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Palermo Convention in 2000). Specialized international bodies: such as the International Financial Action Committee for Money Laundering (FATF), the United Nations International Drug Control Program (UNDCP), and Interpol.
The institutional governance system is the correct solution for conflicting parties under the agency theory
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Disciplines: Array Characterized by modern business ownership contribute to schizophrenia for management. It is natural that the parties intended - the owners and management - maximizing their fortune and their profits at one time. But this may be achieved at the expense of each other. Although it is expected that the Department is working to serve the best interest of owners as possible, but may deviate from this end, more or less towards their own interests at the expense of the owners. Therefore, the activities may not always governed by their expected impacts to the wealth of the last two - the owners, which is expected to give rise to a conflict of interests between the parties. This leads to influence investment decisions and financing, organizational structure, projects and rewards management, and some of the transactions of the project or the company concerned, and thus need these Parties to the neutral reconcile between the company and various stakeholders, and that to not be only be given antibiotic drops system efficiently as tools of corporate governance that it is hoped to be the real key to avoid the conflict between the parties to agency theory. so I tried the study demonstrate the importance of this system to remove any conflict can be done by the various stakeholders, the study found the necessity and quality of this system as a proper solution to the parties opposing the light of agency theory.
The role of the Arabic language in introducing human civilizations
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Linguistics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array, Array This paper highlights the role of the Arabic language in introducing human civilizations throughout the ages. The Arabic language is considered a center of global communication, as it has demonstrated its diverse literatures and arts through its scholars and poets. The research aims to clarify the role of the Arabic language in: Introduction to human civilizations. Refuting the suspicion about the monopoly of the Arabic language. Promoting human cultural communication through the Arabic language. Revealing facts about human civilizations. Spreading the culture of acquaintance and communication among all civilizations. Explaining the role of the Holy Qur’an, which was revealed in an Arabic language, in introducing human civilizations.
Sustainable consumption as a starting point for protecting the environment and achieving sustainable development
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Due to the effects that human behavior has had on the environment, the search for sustainable consumption patterns has become one of the fundamental challenges in the framework of the pursuit of sustainable development, whether at the local or global level. The current research has dealt with two aspects. The first is related to highlighting the concept of sustainable consumption and its role in achieving sustainable development. The second aims to show the effects and challenges associated with consumption in Algeria. The research concluded that there is a close connection between consumption and the environment, and that sustainable consumption is considered one of the main policies within the framework of achieving sustainable development. Algeria also faces major challenges related to the effects that consumption patterns have on the environment and the depletion of resources, so it is required to develop a national policy for sustainable consumption. ​
Recent trends in the development of the dinar exchange rate in Algeria
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The Bank of Algeria continues to maintain an active policy of the directed floating exchange rate, aiming to maintain the real effective exchange rate close to its equilibrium level, and to reduce as much as possible the risks of deviations, resulting from fluctuations in oil prices and the exchange rate between the dollar and the euro, and during the years Recently, the equilibrium real exchange rate has improved, and it mainly reflects the sharp rise in state expenditures, and the resulting risks of negative effects, such as the “Dutch disease” type, on domestic economic well-being. It remains for the monetary authorities in Algeria to know and determine the real effective exchange rate that is close to its equilibrium level, which achieves stability in the external current account. In 2010, the exchange rate policy allowed an improvement in the real effective exchange rate, in a period that witnessed a rise in fuel prices and Public expenditures have also increased, and in the context of monitoring the exchange rate policy, the authorities must make efforts to increase their capabilities in analyzing the exchange rate.
Form the political system and solve the problem of concentration of power
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study focused on the main reason behind the failure of Yemenis and the continuation of conflicts of violence among themselves to take control of power. At the same time, I strive to provide solution, because I think that the reason for this is the concentration of power, "tyranny," which led to the failure of our legislative, executive and judicial powers because of the overlapping of powers or the domination of one power over the rest of the other powers. This applies to other Arab and Islamic regimes and not only to Yemen. The study shows that the solution of this imbalance begins with the adoption of a radical political reform in which the rules of political action are clearly defined to redistribute power at the vertical and horizontal levels and ensure respect for them through the form of the state, the form of the political system and the form of the electoral system which gives the people a decisive role in practicing their rights through choosing their representatives The form of the political system is very important, the first task of this study and the most important is to identify concepts and terminology close to the concept of the political system and distinguish them from each other scientifically and remove any confusion between them. After this process of discrimination, the study discussed, through the comparison process, the form of political system and its mechanism of action to help identify which political system that helps us to redistribute the power at the horizontal level and prevent its monopoly by individual or entity, leaving the issue of the vertical distribution of power through the form of the state to study in another study to complete the vision on the political reform project. The study explained how the presidential political system is the system that can provide a real separation between the authorities, help to absorb high political participation and contribute to the stability of the government and then political stability with the system of proportional representation in the elections, leading to the real construction of the state and the formation of the nation and lead to real development , And this is the disease of Yemen and its solution, according to Kawakibi.
Copyright (c) 2018 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The theory of the actual employee and its applications in light of the rulings of the Yemeni judiciary
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study dealt with the theory of the actual employee, which was invented by the French administrative judiciary and was subsequently applied and accepted in many other countries. It showed that the actual employee is a person who exercises public office without a right appointment decision. However, the administrative judiciary recognizes some of its behaviors under special circumstances in the interest of the public. It explained that this theory is based on maintaining the rihgt functioning of public facilities regularly and in exceptional circumstances, And on the considerations required to protect the rights of third parties in good faith in accordance with normal circumstances. The study focused on the applications of this theory in normal circumstances and in exceptional circumstances, extrcating the controls that it rules according to the rules of jurisprudence and the administrative rulings of the judiciary, with emphasis on the modern provisions of the Yemeni administrative judiciary under the exceptional circumstances that the country has undergone since the 21st of September 2014
Features of the impact of technology on the development of public international law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research deals with the effects of scientific and technological progress in restricting or developing some international rules and laws. The technological revolution has had a clear role in restricting certain rules relating to the principle of sovereignty, the principle of public freedom of the sea, the freedom to exploit natural materials in certain maritime areas, the freedom of international trade or the freedom to use force. It has also played a role in restricting certain human rights and fundamental freedoms, or in reducing the role of diplomatic missions. On the contrary, scientific and technological progress has had contributed to the expansion of public international law and to the development of new international legal concepts
The impact of comprehensive quality management on adopting health accreditation standards in hospitals operating in the city of Hodeidah - Republic of Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study aimed to identify the impact of the application of total quality management in adopting accreditation standards (JCI) in operating hospitals, the study sample. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, and he used the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting field study data, asit included (48) items distributed on two axes. The sample of the study consisted of (588) individuals, and the data were processed by the statistical package program (spss). The study also found several result, the most important of which are: Hospital management provides security for patients and their companions, and this improves the confidence of those who hesitate to receive health care services provided, and the hospital have a high readiness to perform various medical operations in accordance with recognized accreditation standards, and the study sample hospitals are keen to provide devices in light of the results of the study, the researcher presented a set of recommendation, including: Supporting continuous improvements in all departments of the study sample hospitals and their departments and clinics, in line with modern developments, and in a manner that achieves accreditation standards and the quality of health services, activating and controlling quality systems so that imbalances are addressed before they occur in the hospitals of the study sample.
Going beyond the right to international humanitarian intervention toward the responsibility to protect
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Disciplines: Array The total transformations which took place in the post-cold war system. particularly in the type of the international. from dual polar to unipolar. and the transformation in the concepts of human rights and souvereignty. gave rise to rapid re-appearance of human intervention which became widely known as "one person in the international law resorts to political and economic and even military coercion in order to stop physical violations of human rights. particularly the rights which are associated with life and existence and prevention of genocides. This. however. should be based on proper resolutions from the international organization. So there is no possibility for using force to protect the democratic options of peoples in form of democratic intervention. Also. using justifications for protecting international peace and security as a basis for human intervention is in fact indirect and incidental justification. In addition. human intervention is no more illegal as it was in the past The African Union Organization Charter. for example. legislated human intervention under article (4)/H4)/Y) to transfer the idea of human intervention in 2001 through the International Committee for Intervention and Souvereignty n new comparison under title: (Responsibility of Protection which Guarantees Human Rights) without dispensing with the principle of souvereignty. Responsibility of protection means that the state is at the beginning the responsible for protecting its citizens from natural. human or international catastrophes If they cannot or do not like to prevent these serious violations to human rights the principle of non-intervention gives way for the responsibility of international protection.
The extent of the permissibility of execution on the funds of foreign countries in Yemeni law
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Computer Science Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research deals with the subject of attachment and execution upon foreign states properties, it has shown that the rules of national and international law still gives foreign states properties immunity from execution, as a general rule, therefore, it is not permissible to subject to the execution procedures, whether pre-judgment "temporary and conservative" or post-judgment "execution procedures in the strict sense", except in exceptional circumstances, in particular; if the properties is used for commercial or private purposes, or if the state has waived immunity from execution, or if the state allocated or earmarked certain property for the satisfaction of the claim which is the object of proceeding
The effect of the absence of the application of the mechanisms of corporate governance on the internal auditing efficiency to reduce financial corruption in the Jordanian ministries of
Section: Scientific theses Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed fundamentally to know the effect of the absence of the application of the mechanisms of corporate governance on the internal auditing efficiency to reduce financial corruption in the Jordanian ministries , In order to achieve the objective of this study a questionnaire was developed to collect data and it was distributed on a random sample of (300) employees representing 48% of total workers, which amounts to (625) employees in three ministries have been selected on a deliberate way, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (spss. 19 ) has been used to analyze the data . The study found that there is a positive correlation between the lack of activation of internal audit and financial corruption in the ministries of Jordan, also there is a positive correlation between the absence of the application of the mechanics of corporate governance in the Jordanian ministries and rampant financial corruption.The study came out some recommendations, including the need to work on the mechanics of the application of corporate governance in government ministries in order to activate the internal audit , which would reduce the manifestations of corruption in these ministries .
Study of the Algerian public banking sector through performance evaluation and efficiency measurement
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study deals with the subject of evaluation banking sector's performance in Algeria and measurement it's efficiency in the analytical framework that is based on data provided by the Bank of Algeria, and this study is trying to know the level of performance and the degree of efficiency of that sector,by using the methods of measurement and indicators relevant to the subject of the study, and this in order to verify the applicability of the banking sector in Algeria with international standards in quality and performance.
New changes in contemporary Russia... led by Putin - Medvedev Putin 2000 - 2014
Section: Scientific theses Categories: History, Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research covers an important historical period in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 and Russia’s transition to a free market economy. The research provides a brief overview of the situation in Russia, and the end of Yeltsin’s rule, which plunged the country into crises and chaos from 1991 until his resignation in December 1999. The research discusses how Yeltsin’s inner circle began searching for a replacement as his health deteriorated, and how Putin was chosen as the trusted alternative. The research also covers the new phase in Russia under the leadership of Putin and Medvedev and how they dealt with the accumulated challenges from Yeltsin’s rule. The research discusses internal reforms, achieving security and stability, combating corruption, enhancing the national economy, and consolidating Russia’s foreign relations. The research also discusses hot and complex issues related to Russia’s interests and how to deal with them.
Internal migration and its repercussions on the city of Anoua Kashout
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research discusses the issue of internal migration in Mauritania, highlighting it as a significant problem. Internal migration is not just about changing residences, but also involves shifts in population size and composition within departure and arrival areas. The city of Nouakchott is experiencing challenges due to imbalances in population distribution within and between neighborhoods. These population movements are not regulated like foreign immigration, but are a response to various factors such as gravity, expulsion, and trade-offs between different areas. Most urban solutions to address this issue in Nouakchott are immediate and unipolar, and there is a lack of proper understanding of how balanced migration can solve population problems and redeployment across the area, taking into account natural and human elements.
The element of error in tort management liability
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research discusses the administration’s responsibility for its non-contractual actions, which include administrative decisions and material actions. The harmful act requires the existence of a mistake that results in harm, leading to administrative responsibility. The research focuses on the mistake as part of administrative responsibility, where administrative justice refuses to apply the theory of civil error to administrative responsibility, preferring to distinguish between the institutional error and the personal error. Administrative responsibility is established based on the institutional error, and there is no responsibility if the error is personal. The research highlights the importance of distinguishing between the institutional error and the personal error in countries that adopt the system of judicial and legal duality, such as France and Egypt. The research also addresses the Yemeni system that adopts the unified judiciary system, which faces challenges in legislation and justice regarding the administrative error in administrative responsibility.
Copyright (c) 2014 the Author(s). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Good Governance in the Republic of Yemen
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The research discusses the concept of good governance, particularly in the context of the New Middle East. It was first introduced in the 1990s by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank as a means to foster societal development in developing countries. The text highlights the challenges these countries face in achieving their goals due to various obstacles within their government institutions. The Republic of Yemen is cited as a country that has been focusing on good governance for some time, implementing measures in collaboration with the international community. These measures align with the new international order led by the Western bloc (the United States), which promotes a model based on democracy, freedom of opinion and expression, a market economy, respect for human rights, and the rule of law. The text raises the question of Yemen’s progress in achieving good governance and proposes to explore this issue further through research.
The role of sports media in spreading women’s sports from the point of view of students of the Faculty of Physical Education at Sana’a University
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Sport Sciences Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study aimed at identifying the media role in publicizing women sports from the students perspective in Faculty of Sports and the differences of that role with variables of gender and student level. The sample was composed of 330 students of both genders. The researcher used a questionnaire designed by Shereen Abydat, Yarmouk University in Jordan to collect data. It was consisted of 42 parts that handle four types of sports; competition, fitness, leisure time, and profession. The researcher used the average, percentage، Standard Deviation, the F Distribution, and Analysis of Variance – ANOVA to statistically analyze the data. The results showed a modest effort in playing a good role spreading women sports in relation to all the types of sports which identically reflected the same viewpoint of the sample of the study. The researcher recommends to have more sport programs in media that signify the physical, healthy and psychological importance of practicing sports.
Studying the obstacles facing Yemeni specialists working in the field of sports injuries and the proposed procedures to overcome or reduce them
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Sport Sciences Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The aim of this study was to know obstacles facing Yemeni specialists working in sport injuries field , and suggested procedures to overcome or restrict them , according to view points of study samples. Method of data collection was using tow questionnaires , and collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The sample consist of (112) persons representing subjects working in sport medicine field. The results showed that the financial aspect had got the first rank among all obstacles with high severity effect , whereas the administrative aspect came on the last rank with less severity effect. The results showed also that all the procedures have got high agreement degree, except the procedures related to aspect of qualification and training , which had got middle to high agreement degree. The important recommendations of study were: to increase number of medical and technical staff, to provide specialized sport medicine centers in other governorates of Yemen, to raise the financial budgets of center and branches , to benefit from the results of this study by responsible authorities.
Asylum and illegal immigration to Yemen: reality and challenges
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research examines Yemen, the only country in the Arabian Peninsula that has ratified the 1951 United Nations Convention and its 1967 Protocol on the Status of Refugees. The research discusses how to define asylum and the difference between a refugee and an illegal immigrant, and the genuine reasons behind the influx of refugees and illegal immigrants to Yemen. The research also deals with the efforts made by the Yemeni government and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in providing protection for refugees, asylum seekers, and illegal immigrants. Finally, the research covers the economic, social, and security challenges and difficulties faced by Yemen due to issues of asylum and illegal immigration.
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Government & Law Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research discusses the role of the state as the pinnacle of the modern social structure, and how it regulates human behavior and imposes behavioral principles. The research touches on how the state is studied in various branches of the humanities, including sociology, politics, law, and economics. It focuses on the fundamental role of the state in the international community, and how international law dealt with the state as the only person until the end of the eighteenth century AD. Several questions are raised about the definition of the state, the pillars of the state, the rights and duties of states, and international responsibility in international law.
The Role of Tax Incentives in Supporting the Competitiveness of Small and Medium Algerian Enterprises within the Framework of the National Agency for Investment Development (ANDI)
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array, Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Algeria have received significant attention as they form an important link in economic activity. This is evident through the establishment of structures and bodies to support these types of enterprises, most notably the National Agency for Investment Development (ANDI), in addition to a series of tax incentives provided by the agency. Therefore, this study aims to shed light on the reality and importance of SMEs in the Algerian economy during the period 2006-2013, as well as the role of tax incentives provided by the National Agency for Investment Development in supporting the competitiveness of SMEs in Algeria. In this regard, a case study of Mahbouba Pasta Company was conducted, where we found that tax incentives are one of the pillars that enable the company to enhance its competitiveness, but they are not the only thing controlling it. This is evident through the fact that the competitiveness indicators of Mahbouba Company are better in the case of benefit than in the case of non-benefit. Recommendations and suggestions were made in this regard.
The impact of applying governance rules on oversight of cooperative insurance companies
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array In the midst of globalization and free trade, corporate governance has become a key factor in maximizing corporate performance and minimizing risk. Corporate governance plays a significant role in organizations, including cooperative insurance companies, due to its ethical dimensions in commercial transactions. This research aims to shed light on the role of management authority in supervising cooperative insurance companies, which have become a strong competitor to commercial insurance companies and an effective tool in national economic development. The problem this paper investigates is: What impact does good management, known as governance, have on achieving the goals of cooperative insurance companies? We will discuss the following main topics: the concept of corporate governance, the importance and objectives of corporate governance, determinants and standards of governance, principles and mechanisms of governance in cooperative insurance companies, and the impact of governance as a control system on cooperative insurance companies.
Mauritanian food security and the problem of financing
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array In light of the scarcity of funding sources in least developed countries and the strength of competition for the existing ones between nations and different sectors. The present paper attempts to shed light on the forms innovative alternative for rural finance may reduce rural poverty and enhance food security, especially in Muslim countries which took the role of investment for each of the Zakat and Waghf.
The repercussions of the euro crisis on the flow of foreign direct investment into Algeria
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The global economy did not recover from the subprime mortgage crisis of 2008 until the euro crisis (Europe's sovereign debt) exploded warningly and threatening to undermine a unique experience that it was hoped would culminate in the finest forms of economic integration. The global crisis resulted in a recession in the European economies, which resulted in the injection of large liquidity to stimulate the economies. Weak (Greece), in addition to external borrowing (FMI, China,...), which resulted in a slowdown in growth, and even more so an inability to repay Greece’s sovereign debt and then its spread to the rest of the Eurozone countries, which affected the stability of the system. The global economic and financial situation for all countries associated with the euro. Algeria is considered among the countries most affected by any collapse of European economies, as 60% of Algeria's economy is linked to Europe. This study came to examine the repercussions of the Eurozone crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis on foreign direct investments coming into Algeria, and the proposed solutions to avoid this in the future.
Political participation of Yemeni women 1990-2010
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This research addresses the issue of women and their political participation, pointing to the increasing interest in this issue in the past few decades. The research focuses on the role that women can play in the process of progress and development, emphasizing that development should be directed towards the individual and all components of society, including women. The research also touches on the history of women’s political participation, indicating that Yemeni women, in particular, have a long history in political life. The research indicates that Yemeni women, despite the constraints they faced, were able to make significant progress in the field of political participation, especially after the declaration of Yemeni unity in 1990. The research also points to the important role played by the Yemeni Sabaean Queen Bilqis in Yemeni political life.
The role of secondary school teachers in developing moral values among their students in Al Bayda Governorate
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Education & Educational Research Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The present study aims at identifying the role of secondary school teachers in reinforcement their students’ moral values. It also aims at identifying the most important values secondary school teachers seek to reinforce. Population of this study comprises all regular state secondary school male and female students from both section literary and science sections in Albiadha’a city. Those were 490 students in 2014/ 2015. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method which suits this study. The researcher has come up with the following findings: 1- The role of secondary school teachers in reinforcing their students’ moral values from the students’ perspective reached a percentage of 3,16. Familial values ranked first with a percentage weight 3, 31. Social values followed with a percentage weight 3, 26. Personal values ranked third with percentage weight 2, 90. 2- There are no static significance differences on a standard (a>0,05 )on the role of the secondary schools teachers in reinforcing the social,familial,and personal in the whole questionnaire for secondary schools students in Albiadha’a city back to gender (male-female). Recommendation: 1- Motivate teachers to entrench moral values which came into view with a weak degree and try to develop it. 2- Observe the percentage of moral values and observe the negativity and fight its harms on individual and community. 3- The necessity of the presence of an ideal teacher have morals that affect positively on secondary schools students.
The Social Thought of Imam Yahya Bin Hamza Al-Alawi (1270-1348)
Section: Scientific theses Categories: History Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The study aims at reading and analyzing Imam Yahyia Bin Hamza Al-Alawi 's social thought (1348-1270). The study also aims at examining the positions and influence of these social thoughts on the history of Arab Islamic social thought. To achieve these goals, the study identifies and analyses the intellectual foundations and the social, political and historical environment that motivates and influenced the emergence of the social thought of Imam Yahyia Bin Hamza Al-Alawi and classifies his issues, and shows his vision for social and intellectual reform. The study also shows the role of both the intellectual and knowledge formation of Imam Al-Alawi and his intellectual, social and political practices along with the socio-political complicated Yemeni reality at that time on the growth of Imam Al-Alawi's social thought. The study explains the link between the issues and problems that fall within the circle of the thinking and thought of Imam Yahya Al-Alawi and those contained in the thinking and thought of the society proving its social character and its relevance to the Yemeni social reality.
The extent to which commercial banks operating in Yemen apply the principles of total quality management from the point of view of bank employees
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array This study aimed to know the extent to which the principles of total quality management are applied in commercial banks operating in the Republic of Yemen from the point of view of their employees. The study concluded that the banks apply the principles of total quality management, with the level of application of these principles varying from average to good, and recommendations were made. Which ensures increased effectiveness and efficiency of applying these principles in banks.
The importance of ceremony and protocol in diplomatic work
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Political Science and International Relations Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The aim of this study is to identify the importance of protocols and protocols in diplomatic work by addressing the historical development of protocols and protocols and the most prominent agreements and treaties that regulated this important field in political and diplomatic work between countries, as well as addressing the nature of the tasks entrusted to permanent and temporary diplomatic bodies and the nature of their performance of their work and determining the period. The end of her work and the immunities and privileges granted to her. Perhaps the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961 AD is the result of a major diplomatic effort between countries to codify the customs of peoples and states in protocols and protocols, and of the political reasons and practices that resulted from the successive development of protocols and diplomatic activity, and also as a result of the agreement of member states of the international community. All of this contributed to reaching this agreement and other agreements and treaties that largely regulated the activity of diplomacy through permanent missions through its articles that dealt with all the details and circumstances of the work of diplomatic missions from the establishment or establishment of these missions, through the practices, activities, immunities and privileges until the end of the work of these missions.
A Proposed framework to use Balanced Performance card to evaluate Islamic Banks’ performance
Section: Scientific theses Categories: Business & Economics Keywords: Array, Array, Array Disciplines: Array The present research aims at knowing opinions of employees of the Islamic banks about the need for using the complete balanced measurement system for performance evaluation. It also aims at focusing on the nature of relationship between the level of attention given to some aspects of performance, Islamic banks’ performance on the same aspects, relative significance of strategic aims of Islamic banks, and knowing the main views of balanced performance card. The problem of the research is about to know the effect of the dimensions of the balanced performance card affect; financial dimension, customers dimension and inner processes, and education and growing dimensions on Islamic banks’ performance To achieve the aims of the research the following hypothesis is examined; there is a statistical significant relationship between using a balanced performance card and Islamic banks’ performance evaluation. From this hypothesis the following hypotheses are derived; there is a statistical significant relationship between financial dimension and Islamic banks’ performance evaluation; there is a statistical significant relationship between inner processes and Islamic banks’ performance evaluation; there is a statistical significant relationship between education and growing and Islamic banks’ performance evaluation. The researcher uses analytic descriptive method. The foremost results of the present study are; making use of the resources by the Islamic banks and develop their services adequately will lead to increase the incomes. The research shows that improving the adequacy of +inner initiation process leads to reducing the costs and increasing incomes. The balanced performance card dimensions; the financial dimension, customers dimension and inner processes, and education and growing dimensions has its impact on the performance quality of Islamic banks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research comes to recommends the following foremost recommendations: The necessity to use balanced performance card in Islamic banks of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia as a new style to performance measurement and evaluation, depending on the four dimensions completely. This can lead to achieve banks strategic aims to reinforce its competitive prestige. It also recommend to employ qualified employees who have scientific and professional experiences to design and implement the balanced performance card efficiently and proficiently in Islamic banks. There is a necessity to develop the balanced performance card to keep abreast of the rapid development of bank environment.